| 碳酸钠碱性介质氧脱木素促进火炬松酶解糖化的研究
张雨情1 吴淑芳1，* Hasan Jameel2 Houmin Chang2
(1. 南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室，江苏南京，210037；2.北卡州立大学林业生物材料系，美国罗利，27695）
摘 要：分别采用硫酸盐法（KP）和绿液法（GL）蒸煮火炬松，并以碳酸钠为碱性介质进行氧脱木素，所得浆料分别标记为KP-OC浆和GL-OC浆，分析了这两种浆料的化学组分，并对这两种浆料进行酶解以提取可发酵单糖。结果显示，在120℃氧脱木素4 h所得的KP-OC浆和GL-OC浆的木素脱出率均明显优于相近条件下以氢氧化钠为碱性介质且脱木素1 h的浆料。对于GL-OC浆和KP-OC浆，当酶用量为10 FPU/g时，酶解单糖得率、总单糖提取率最高分别可达73.2%和95.8%、72.4%和75.7%，均优于相近条件下以氢氧化钠为碱性介质氧脱木素的浆料。
关键词：预处理；氧脱木素；酶解；生物乙醇；碳酸钠碱性介质
中图分类号：TQ351
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.01
Oxygen Delignification of Loblolly Pine Pulps Using Sodium Carbonate as
Alkaline Medium to Promote Its Enzymatic Hydrolysis
ZHANG Yu-qing1 WU Shu-fang1,* Hasan Jameel2 Houmin Chang2
(1.Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing, Jiangsu Province,210037;
2. Department of Forest Biomaterials, NC State University, Raleigh, USA,27695）
(*E-mail: shufangwu@njfu.edu.cn)
Abstract：Loblolly pine were prepared by kraft process (KP) and green liquor process (GL), and the pulps were respectively carried out oxygen delignification with sodium carbonate as alkaline medium (marked as KP-OC and GL-OC), the chemical compositions of the resultant pulps were analyzed and the pulp were conducted enzymatic hydrolysis. The results indicated that the ratios of delignification of the pulps obtained through oxygen delignification at 120℃ for 4 h using sodium carbonate as alkaline medium were much higher than that of the pulp obtained through oxygen delignification at the similar conditions for 1 h using sodium hydroxide as alkaline medium. When the enzyme dosage was 10 FPU/g, the monoce yield and monoce recovery of enzymatic hydrolysis of GL-OC were 73.2% and 72.4%, respectively. Accordingly,those of KP-OC were 95.8% and 75.7%, respectively. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of the pulp oxygen delignified with sodium carbonate was much better than that with sodium hydroxide.
Keywords：pretreatment; oxygen delignification; enzymatic hydrolysis; bioethanol; sodium carbonate
（责任编辑：刘振华）
球形木质素负载纳米零价铁去除溴酸盐的研究
刘 畅 刘明华* 刘以凡
（福州大学环境与资源学院，福建福州，350116）
摘 要：以球形氰乙基木质素为原料通过液相还原法制备球形木质素负载纳米零价铁材料（LSAC-Fe），用于去除饮用水中微量的溴酸盐。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、氮气吸附法（BET）等对其结构进行表征，并探究了不同条件下LSAC-Fe对BrO-3的吸附效果及其热力学吸附和去除机理。研究表明，纳米零价铁可较为均匀地负载在球形木质素上，并且LSAC-Fe具有很高的表面活性；BrO-3的去除率随着初始溶液pH值的升高而降低，随着BrO-3初始溶液质量浓度的增加而降低；LSAC-Fe对BrO-3的吸附过程为吸热过程，升温可促进LSAC-Fe对BrO-3的吸附。
关键词：球形木质素；溴酸盐；纳米零价铁；吸附；去除
中图分类号：TQ352.77
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.07
Removal of Bromate Using Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron Supported on Spherical Lignin
LIU Chang LIU Ming-hua* LIU Yi-fan
（College of Environment and Resources， Fuzhou University， Fuzhou， Fujian Province， 350116）
（*E-mail∶mhliu2000@fzu.edu.cn）
Abstract：In order to remove the tracebromate in drinking water， nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on spherical lignin （LSAC-Fe） was synthesized through liquid-phase reduction method using spherical cyanoethyl lignin as raw material.The LSAC-Fe was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）， X-ray diffractometer （XRD）， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and nitrogen adsorption （BET）. The adsorption effect of LSAC-Fe on BrO-3 under different conditions was investigated， and the thermodynamic adsorption and removal mechanism were studied. The results showed that the nanoscale zero-valent iron was distributed homogeneously on the spherical lignin， and LSAC-Fe had a high surface activity. The removal percentage of BrO-3 decreased with the increase of the initial pH of the solution of and the initial concentration of BrO-3. The BrO-3adsorption process of LSAC-Fe was the endothermic process， and the temperature rise was beneficial to the adsorption of BrO-3 on LSAC-Fe．
Keywords：spherical lignin; bromate; nanoscale zero-valent iron; adsorption; removal
自水解后杨木边材木片化学组分和结构特性的
变化及其对木片碱液浸渍的影响
江骁雅1，2，3 陈雪峰2，3 侯庆喜1，* 岳 珍1 张宏雷1 刘 苇1
（1. 天津科技大学天津市制浆造纸重点实验室，天津，300457； 2. 中国制浆造纸研究院有限公司，
北京，100102；3. 制浆造纸国家工程实验室，北京，100102）
摘 要：分析了影响杨木边材木片对碱液反应性吸收的化学组分和结构特性在自水解预处理后的变化，及在碱液浸渍过程中浸渍液碱浓和浸渍温度对自水解木片浸渍效果的影响。结果表明，杨木边材木片的综纤维素、乙酰基和木素含量都随着自水解强度的增大而降低，而弱酸性基团含量则先增加后减少。在自水解预处理后，杨木导管内部的基质/侵填体得以清除，部分纹孔膜被溶解破坏。对原料木片及自水解预处理后杨木边材木片进行碱液浸渍处理后发现，木片的NaOH溶液吸收量和NaOH消耗量随自水解强度的增大而增加。自水解预处理改善了杨木边材木片的碱液浸渍效果。各类木片的NaOH溶液吸收量和NaOH消耗量均随浸渍液碱浓的增大和浸渍温度的升高而增加，且都呈现良好的线性相关性。
关键词：杨木边材木片；自水解；化学组分；结构特性；碱液浸渍
中图分类号：TS711
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.15
Changes of Chemical Composition and Structural Characteristics of Poplar Sapwood Chips After
Autohydrolysis and Their Effects on the Subsequent Alkali Impregnation
JIANG Xiao-ya1,2,3 CHEN Xue-feng2,3 HOU Qing-xi1,* YUE Zhen1 ZHANG Hong-lei1 LIU Wei1
(1.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457;
2. China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102;
3. National Engineering Laboratory for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102)
(*E-mail: qingxihou@tust.edu.cn)
Abstract：The chemical composition and structural characteristics of the fast-growing poplar sapwood chips after autohydrolysis pretreatment were investigated. The effects of the alkali concentration and temperature of the impregnation on alkali impregnation result of autohydrolyzed chips were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of holocelluloses, acetyl groups, and lignin of the poplar sapwood chips all decreased with increasing the intensity of autohydrolysis pretreatment, while the content of weak acidic groups first increased and then decreased. After autohydrolysis, the matrix and/or tyloses in the vessels could be cleaned up, and the pit membranes of some pits could also bedissolved and damaged. The alkali impregnation experiment of both poplar sapwood chips without and with autohydrolysis found that, the amounts of adsorption of NaOH solution and consumption of NaOH of the chips increased as the intensity increase of autohydrolysis.It indicated that autohydrolysis pretreatment could improve the alkali impregnation efficiency of poplar sapwood chips. The amounts of adsorption of NaOH solution and consumption of NaOH of the both chips without and with autohydrolysis all increased as the concentration of the NaOH solution and the impregnation temperature increased, they had good linear correlations.
Keywords：poplar sapwood chip; autohydrolysis pretreatment; chemical composition; structural characteristic; alkali impregnation
溶剂交换法制备纳米纤维素
多孔薄膜及其结构表征
龙克莹1 王华山1，* 马晓红2 查瑞涛3
(1. 天津科技大学化工与材料学院，天津，300457；2. 吴忠市回民中学，宁夏吴忠，751100；
3. 国家纳米科学中心，北京，100190)
摘 要：以纳纤化纤维素(NFC)为原料，通过真空抽滤制备NFC湿膜，采用多步法完成溶剂交换并干燥制得具有纳米孔洞结构的NFC多孔薄膜；探讨了不同溶剂和干燥方法对NFC多孔薄膜表面形貌的影响。结果表明，经真空抽滤得到的NFC湿膜先用乙醇后用叔丁醇溶剂交换并冷冻干燥制得的NFC多孔薄膜的表面孔径分布均匀(孔径100～200 nm)、孔隙率为42.95%；通过该方法制得的NFC多孔薄膜的孔径大、孔隙率高，具有良好的润湿性和热稳定性，在高效过滤、生物医药和分析检测等领域的应用前景广泛。
关键词：纳米纤维素；溶剂交换法；多孔薄膜
中图分类号：TS721;TQ352.7
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.22
Preparation of Nanocellulose Porous Membrane by Solvent Exchange and Its Characterization
LONG Ke-ying1 WANG Hua-shan1,* MA Xiao-hong2 CHA Rui-tao3
(1.College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457;
2.Wuzhong Hui Senior High School in Ningxia, Wuzhong, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 751100;
3. National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190)
(*E-mail: whs@tust.edu.cn)
Abstract：Nanocellulose porous membranes with nanometer pore structure were prepared using nanofibrillated cellulose as raw material through vaccum filtration technology in combination with solvent exchange and drying. The effects of various solvents and drying methods on the surface morphology of the membranes were discussed. The nanocellulose membrane prepared through alcohol and tert-butanol stepwise dehydration and freeze drying method possessed an uniform distribution porosity of 42.95% (pore diameter was about 100~200 nm). The nanocellulose porous membranes with large pore diameter, high porosity, good wettability and thermal stability had great application potential in efficient filtration, biomedicine, analysis and detection fields.
Keywords：nanocellulose; solvent exchange; porous membrane
纤维尺寸对纤维悬浮液屈服应力的影响
王 晨1，2 马若腾1，2 董凯辉1，2 薛智轩1，2 张 辉1，2，*
（1. 南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室， 江苏南京， 210037；
2. 南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心，江苏南京， 210037）
摘 要：利用桨式转子流变仪测量并对比分析了4种不同尺寸尼龙纤维悬浮液在相同体积浓度和集聚因子时的屈服应力,以及2种尼龙纤维按不同比例混合后对悬浮液屈服应力的影响。结果表明，体积浓度相同时，形状系数较大的纤维悬浮液的屈服应力也较大，但形状系数对屈服应力与体积浓度的幂率关系中的乘数项系数和指数项系数未表现出规律性影响；屈服应力不能由单一集聚因子的函数来表示，集聚因子相同时，纤维形状系数较小的悬浮液的屈服应力更大；2种尼龙纤维混合后，屈服应力随形状系数较大的纤维在混合纤维悬浮液中体积分数的减小而呈线性递减趋势。
关键词：非牛顿流体；尼龙纤维；纤维悬浮液；屈服应力；集聚因子
中图分类号：TS721；O373
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.27
Influence of Fiber Size on the Yield Stress of the Fiber Suspension
WANG Chen1,2 MA Ruo-teng1,2 DONG Kai-hui1,2 XUE Zhi-xuan1,2 ZHANG Hui1,2,*
（1.Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology， Nanjing Forestry University， Nanjing，
Jiangsu Province， 210037; 2.Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Ｒesources,
Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037）
（*E-mail: zhnjfu@163.com）
Abstract：The yield stresses of the suspensions containing different size nylon fibers were measured by the rheometer with the propeller-type rotor at the same fiber volume fraction and crowding number. The yield stresses of the suspensions containing different mixing ratios of two kinds of nylon fiber were also studied.The results showed that the suspension containing the fiber with larger aspect ratio showed higher yield stress at the same volume fraction. But there was no regular relationship between the aspect ratio and the coefficients of power-law equation of the yield stress and the volume fraction. The yield stress could not be expressed by the function only with the crowding number but was inversely proportional to the aspect ratio. So at the same crowding number， the suspension containing the fiber with lower aspect ratio showed higher yield stress.The yield stress of the mixing suspension of two kinds of nylon fiber decreased linearly along with decreasing of the volume fraction of the fiber with lager aspect ratio．
Keywords：non-Newtonian fluid; nylon fiber; fiber suspension; yield stress; crowding number
超声波杨木浆在壁纸原纸中的应用研究
党 超1 尹乙惠1 李 仁1 徐 明1，2 蒲俊文1，*
（1.北京林业大学林业生物质材料与能源教育部工程研究中心，北京，100083；
2.北京中科奥倍工程科学研究院，北京，100083）
摘 要：分析了杨木化学机械浆、超声波杨木浆和松木硫酸盐浆的纤维与纸张性能，并利用扫描电子显微镜分析3种浆料纤维形态，以松木硫酸盐浆与超声波杨木浆为原料，按照一定浆料比例混合并加入不同用量的PAE、滑石粉、AKD、CPAM，探究了其对纸张性能的影响。结果表明，当松木硫酸盐浆与超声波杨木浆比例为60∶40、PAE用量0.7%、滑石粉用量15%、AKD用量0.5%、CPAM用量0.2%时，可以实现壁纸原纸在光学、强度、吸收性能及尺寸稳定性符合要求的前提下降低生产成本。
关键词：超声波杨木浆；壁纸原纸；纸张性能
中图分类号：TS49+.1；TS767.6
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.32
Study on the Application of Poplar Ultrasonic Pulp in Wall Papers Base Paper
DANG Chao1 YIN Yi-hui1 LI Ren1 XU Ming1，2 PU Jun-wen1，*
（1.MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy， Beijing Forestry University， Beijing， 100083;
2.Beijing Institute of Zhongkeaobei Ultrasonic Technology， Beijing， 100083）
（*E-mail：13681243864@126.com）
Abstract：The properties of poplar chemimechanical pulp， poplar ultrasonic pulp and pine kraft pulp were tested and compared by SEM.Using pine kraft pulp and poplar ultrasaonic pulp as fiber raw material to manufacture the base paper of wall paper， the influences of proportion of pine kraft pulp and poplar ultrasonic pulp， the usage of fillers and additives on the properties of the base paper were investigated. The results showed that the poplar ultrasonic pulp kept 40%， the optimum dosages of PAE， talc， AKD and CPAM were respectively 0.7%， 15%， 0.5% and 0.2% could reduce production cost of the base paper while its properties of optical， strength， absorption and dimensional stability could meet the requirements．
Keywords： poplar ultrasonic pulp； wall paper′s base paper； paper properties
玉米纳米淀粉在低定量涂布纸中的应用研究
陈启杰1，2 董徐芳1 郑学铭1 周丽玲1 胡可信1 王 萍1
（1.长沙理工大学化学与生物工程学院，湖南长沙，410076； 2.湖南省特种纸及纸板工程技术研究中心，湖南长沙，410076）
摘 要：采用双螺杆挤压法制备玉米纳米淀粉并研究其作为涂布胶黏剂在低定量涂布纸（LWC）中的应用。结果表明，玉米纳米淀粉颗粒的结晶区被破坏，结晶度显著下降，玉米纳米淀粉平均粒径100 nm左右；玉米纳米淀粉为白色粉末，冷水可溶，黏度低，可直接以干粉形式与颜料一起分散配料；在丁苯胶乳与普通涂布淀粉比例为8∶4的涂料配方中，采用6份玉米纳米淀粉同时取代4份普通涂布淀粉和4份丁苯胶乳时，涂料的保水性能提高62.6%，涂布后LWC的印刷表面强度提高12.9%，其他各项性能指标满足要求。
关键词：玉米纳米淀粉；双螺杆挤压；低定量涂布纸；涂料
中图分类号：TS758+.1
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.39
Study on the Application of Corn Nanostarch in Light Weight Coated Paper
CHEN Qi-jie1，2，* DONG Xu-fang1 ZHENG Xue-ming1 ZHOU Li-ling1 HU Ke-xin1 WANG Ping1
（1. School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering， Changsha University of Science and Technology， Changsha， Hu′nan Province，
410076; 2.Hunan Special Paper and Paperboard Engineering Technology Research Center， Changsha， Hu′nan Province， 410076）
（*E-mail:chenqijie@126.com）
Abstract：The corn nanostarch prepared by twin screw extrusion was used as coating adhesive in light weight coated paper in this study. The results showed that the crystalline area of corn nanostarch granules was destroyed by twin screw extrusion， and its crystallinity was decreased and its average particle size was about 100 nm. When the coating formula of styrene butadiene latex and coating starch ratio of 8∶4，was replaced by the formula of styrene butadiene∶cornnanostarch=4∶6， the water retention valueof the coatings decreased by 62.6%， the printing surface strength of the LWC increased by 12.9%， and other performance requirements were satisfied．
Keywords：corn nanostarch; twin screw extrusion; light weight coated paper; coating
荧光分光光度法测定餐巾纸中
荧光增白剂特定迁移量
李响丽 段海波 李 超 范多青 王 岚 郭丽娟 赵 敏 曹红云 王庆华*
（云南中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心，云南昆明，650231）
摘 要：建立了基于荧光分光光度法对直接接触口腔的餐巾纸向蒸馏水模拟物的特定迁移量的测量方法。餐巾纸中迁移出的被分析物迁移至模拟物中，采用外标法进行定量。目标分析物在0.01～0.5 mg/L内线性关系良好（R2 > 0.999）。3个加标水平（加标水平分别为25、50和100 μg）的回收率在97.9％～102.3％之间，相对标准偏差（RSD）小于8.0％， 检出限（LOD）为0.0012 mg/dm2。该方法准确、灵敏，适用于餐巾纸中荧光增白剂特定迁移量的测定。实际普查市面上10种品牌17个餐巾纸样品显示：荧光增白剂特定迁移量检出率为41.2%；荧光增白剂特定迁移量范围0～0.0061 mg/dm2。
关键词：荧光增白剂；荧光分光光度法；餐巾纸；特定迁移量
中图分类号：TS727+.2；TS761.6
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.45
Determination of Specific Migration of Fluorescent Whitening Agent in Napkin by Fluorescence Spectrometry
LI Xiang-li DUAN Hai-bo LI Chao FAN Duo-qing WANG Lan
GUO Li-juan ZHAO Min CAO Hong-yun WANG Qing-hua*
（R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.， Ltd.， Kunming，Yunnan Province， 650231）
（*E-mail: super88man66@126.com）
Abstract：The method based on fluorescence spectrometry for specific transfer of napkins to distilled water analogue was established. The analyzed objects removed from the napkin were transferred to the analog objects and the external standard method was used to quantify. The Fluorescent whitening agent had good linear relationship （R2>0.999） between 0.01～0.5 mg/L. The recovery rates of the 3 spiked levels （25， 50 and 100 μg） were between 97.9% and 102.3%， and the detection limit was 0.0012 μg/dm2 .The method was simple and rapid with high sensitivity， which was appropriate for the fast determination of the migration of fluorescent whitening agent in napkin. The census from 17 samples of 10 brands of paper napkins on the market showed that: the rate of positive sample was 41.2%， and the migration of fluorescent whitening agent in napkin was 0～0.0061 mg/dm2 ．
Keywords：fluorescent whitening agent; fluorescence spectrometry; napkin; specific migration
多缝型锥管布浆器的探索性研究
侯顺利 卫 魏*
（陕西科技大学机电工程学院，陕西省造纸技术及特种纸品开发重点实验室，陕西西安，710021）
摘 要：介绍了一种多缝型锥管布浆器，采用计算机流体动力学方法对该布浆器进行了数值模拟与分析，并对其结构进行了优化。初步研究发现，多缝型锥管布浆器的布浆效果优于支管型锥管布浆器，最大误差缩小了0.9%；优化后缝长为185 mm，多缝入口圆弧半径为7.5 mm，出口圆弧半径为265 mm，扩散管长度为90 mm时，各缝流量分布最大误差为1.43%；多缝型锥管布浆器从结构原理上可以实现在线调节缝宽，以进一步减小布浆流量分布误差，并减小或取消回流量。
关键词：多缝；锥管布浆器；回流量；数值模拟
中图分类号：TS734
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.50
Exploratory Research on the Multi-slit Tapered Stock Distributor
HOU Shun-li WEI Wei*
（ Key Lab of Papermaking Technology and Special Paper Development of Shaanxi Provence，
Mechanical and Electrical College， Shaanxi University of Science and Technology， Xian， Shaanxi Province， 710021）
（ *E-mail: 474644629@qq.com）
Abstract：A multi-slit tapered stock distributor was introduced， and the numerical simulation and analysis of the distributor were carried out by using the computational fluid dynamics method， and its structure was optimized. The preliminary study found that, the distribution of the stock of multi-slit distributor was better than the Branch pipe distributor， the maximum error was reduced by 0.9%. After optimization， when the slit length was 185 mm， the radius of multi-slit entrance was 7.5 mm， the radius of exit arc was 265 mm， and the length of diffuser was 90 mm， the maximum error of the distribution of each slit was 1.43%. Futhermore， based on the structure principle， the slit width could be achieved on-line adjustment， in order to further reduce the flow distribution error， and reduce or eliminate the circulation reflux．
Keywords：multi-slit; tapered stock distributor; recirculation value; simulation
压力筛性能影响因素仿真分析
张小雪1 张丽丽1，* 苗海滨2
（1. 齐鲁工业大学机械与汽车工程学院，山东济南，250353；2.山东杰锋机械制造有限公司，山东滨州，256206）
摘 要：基于计算机流体动力学（CFD）技术，建立了MUS20外流式压力筛物理模型，对压力筛筛浆过程进行数值模拟，获取压力筛内速度场和压力场，分析不同操作参数下流场压力、速度的变化规律，研究转子旋翼和筛鼓之间间隙及转子的转速对浆料筛选性能和压力筛功耗的影响。结果表明，当转子旋翼和筛鼓之间间隙为3 mm时，压力筛反冲洗效果最好；当转子转速为470 r/min时，功耗相对较低。
关键词：压力筛；转子；流体动力学；仿真模拟
中图分类号：TS733
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.56
Simulated Analysis of the Influence Factors on Performance of Pressure Screen
ZHANG Xiao-xue1 ZHANG Li-li1，* MIAO Hai-bin2
（1.School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering， Qilu University of Technology， Jinan， Shandong Province， 250353;
2.Shandong Jiefeng Machinery Manufacture Co.， Ltd.， Binzhou， Shandong Province， 256206）
（* E-mail：sdilizll@163.com）
Abstract：Based on the computer fluid dynamics （CFD） technology， the physical model of MUS20 outflow pressure screen was established. The velocity and pressure fields were obtained by numerical simulation of pulp screening. The variation law of perssure and velocity of the flow field in different operation conditions was analyzed. The influences of the clearance between the foil and screen cylinder and the rotor speed on screening performance and power consumption were studied.The result indicated that the screen had the best backflushing effect when the clearance between the foils and cylinder was 3 mm， and the power consumption was comparative low when the rotor speed was 470 r/min．
Keywords：pressure screen; rotor; computational fluid dynamics; analogue simulation
数字化功能信息纸张的产品建模与图像识别研究
张开生 韦逸野
（陕西科技大学电气与信息工程学院，陕西西安，710021）
摘 要：利用Unigraphics NX软件进行数字化纸张的产品建模，主要针对在纤维成纸过程中基于点阵图形的数字化纸张信息的模拟，从理论角度形成数字化的纸张图像。进而根据模拟纸张信息的特性，采用基于图像像素值的模板匹配、寻找特征点匹配的ORB算法以及改进后的ORB算法对纸张信息进行识别效果的对比。实验结果表明，在保持识别准确度的前提下，改进后的ORB算法耗时较短，具有较强的实时性，为纸张的功能数字化信息的识别提供了理论基础。
关键词：数字化纸张；建模；图像识别；ORB算法
中图分类号：TP391.41
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.61
Research on Products Modeling and Image Identification of Digital Function Information Paper
ZHANG Kai-sheng* WEI Yi-ye
（School of Electrical and Information Engineering， Shaanxi University of Science and Technology， Xian， Shaanxi Province， 710021）
（*E-mail: 80649433@qq.com）
Abstract：Product modeling of digital paper was conducted through Unigraphics NX, mainly focusing on the simulation of digital paper information based on dot matrix graphics during the paper forming process, and the digitized paper images were obtained theoretically. The image identification results for paper information using template matching based on image pixel values, ORB and improved ORB were compared. The experimental results showed that the improved ORB algorithm was time-consuming and had strong real-time performance under the premise of keeping the matching accuracy, which provided a theoretical basis for the identification of digital functions of paper.
Keywords：digital paper; modeling; image identification; ORB algorithm
瘤胃微生物在生物质废物资源化
领域应用研究进展
孙衍宁1 牛梅红1 张学金2 金光范2 李 娜1，2，* 张 健1
（ 1. 大连工业大学轻工与化学工程学院，辽宁大连，116034；
2. 浙江科技学院浙江省废弃生物质循环利用与生态处理技术重点实验室， 浙江杭州，310023）
摘 要：瘤胃微生物作为古老的微生物体系，其多样的生物酶系及卓越的木质纤维素降解能力使其在多种领域被研究和利用。本文主要介绍了瘤胃微生物的组成，瘤胃细菌及真菌对纤维类物质的降解能力及作用，并从瘤胃微生物对不同种类富纤维素固体废弃物的水解能力及降解性能、产甲烷效率及厌氧反应器研究现状角度出发，归纳和总结了瘤胃微生物在生物质废物资源化领域应用的研究现状，并指出了其今后的研究方向。
关键词：瘤胃微生物；固体废弃物；甲烷；降解效率；厌氧反应器
中图分类号：X793
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.01.67
Application of Rumen Microorganisms in Waste Biomass Recycling Fields
SUN Yan-ning1 NIU Mei-hong1 ZHANG Xue-jin2 JIN Guang-fan2 LI Na2，* ZHANG Jian1
（1. School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering， Dalian Polytechnic University， Dalian， Liaoning Province， 116034;
2. Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province，
Zhejiang University of Science and Technology， Hangzhou， Zhejiang Province， 310023）
（*E-mail: linda_326@126.com）
Abstract：Microbial ecosystem of rumen is an ancient anaerobic ecosystem. The rumen microorganisms have been studied and applied in many fields due to its multiple enzyme system and remarkable degradation ability of lignocelluloses materials. This paper mainly introduced the composition of rumen microorganisms and the abilities of the bacteria and fungus in the rumen liquid to degrade lignocellulose materials. The paper summarized the current application situation of the rumen microorganisms in biomass waste materials recycling fields including the abilities of the rumen microorganisms to hydrolyze and degrade lignocelluloses， materials， the methane productivity and the anaerobic reactors. Finally further study directions in the area was also pointed out in this paper．
Keywords：rumen microorganisms; solid waste; methane; degradation efficiency; anaerobic reactor
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